The following standard terms of reference (TOR) provide a framework for establishing specific TOR for any project, programme or appeal. They provide a framework to help learn how the whole process of implementing a project, programme or appeal performed. They move away from narrowly looking at project activities and outputs to a better understanding of the interplay of contextual factors, relationships and resources on what took place. The underlying logic is that a better understanding of this complexity will lead to improved performance in the future.