The second in a series of four, this evaluation found that the overall contribution of food assistance for Congolese refugees living in camps in Rwanda to achieving intended outcomes was mixed. Food insecurity remained problematic. Global acute malnutrition rates were below alert levels, however chronic malnutrition rates were beyond the humanitarian threshold for ‘critical’. Significant changes to programme approaches to avoid chronic food insecurity and chronic malnutrition and to develop a way forward to achieve durable solutions were recommended.