Despite increasing investment in programmes to support responder wellbeing, there remains limited clarity regarding which interventions are most effective, for whom, and under what conditions. A comprehensive synthesis of the effectiveness, characteristics, and implementation of such interventions is therefore required to inform evidence-based practice and policy decision-making, optimise resource allocation, and support the development of sustainable and scalable approaches.
Therefore, this systematic review aims to address these gaps by examining the effectiveness, characteristics, and implementation of interventions designed to support the mental health and wellbeing of disaster and emergency responders. The review also aims to identify how best to implement effective interventions. This review directly responds to priorities identified by the Lloyd’s Register Foundation. By synthesising evidence on the effectiveness, characteristics, and implementation of interventions for disaster and emergency responders, this review seeks to inform policies and practices that enhance both psychological wellbeing and safety outcomes in high-risk occupational settings.