In concordance with the International Health Regulations (IHR) and the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) regional strategy , this framework comprises three cyclic phases: Phase I, Preparedness; Phase II, Response; and Phase III, Monitoring and evaluation. When reviewing this framework in preparation for a future PHE of IUE (Phases I and III), users are encouraged to complement the framework’s guidance with a review of relevant literature. However, once a PHE of IUE is potentially under way (Phases II and III), the framework’s step-by-step implementation processes may facilitate a timely and effective public health response.