This report has been prepared by an independent team of experts commissioned by UNHCR to evaluate the agency’s preparedness and response to the 1999 Kosovo refugee emergency.1 The emergency developed in the wake of NATO air strikes against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY), and ended 11 weeks later when a framework for peace was established in mid-June and repatriation started. While focusing on UNHCR, the evaluation team was also asked to “consider the role and impact of other actors involved in the crisis, to the extent and insofar as they affected UNHCR’s operations”.