This briefing by Development Initiatives examines how aid to Uganda shifted between 2018 and 2020, with a sharp rise in concessional loans from international financial institutions during the pandemic. Bilateral grants remained important but declined in 2020, while multilateral flows — notably from the Global Fund — increased. Sector allocations also changed: health and humanitarian support saw cuts, while governance, security, and agriculture gained prominence. The report highlights the risks of growing debt, the need for balanced sectoral support, and calls for stronger investment in health, education, social protection, and revenue reforms to ensure an inclusive recovery and progress toward ending poverty.